What is a primary characteristic of a planned economy?

A planned economy is characterized primarily by the government's role in directing economic activity and making decisions about the allocation of resources. In such an economy, the government typically determines what goods and services are produced, how they are produced, and who receives them. This centralized level of control aims to achieve specific economic objectives, such as equitable distribution and full employment.

This contrasts sharply with other economic systems where market forces dictate production and allocation. A self-regulating market, as referenced in one of the options, describes a market economy where supply and demand govern economic activity without significant government oversight. Similarly, private ownership of production illustrates principles of capitalism, where individuals and businesses own resources and make decisions based on profit motives. Finally, a minimal government intervention approach reflects a laissez-faire system, where the government's role is limited to protecting property rights and maintaining order, allowing markets to function independently.

Hence, the correct answer emphasizes the distinctive feature of a planned economy: the strong presence and involvement of government in shaping economic outcomes.